Bishanopliosaurus
Bishanopliosaurus is the most complete plesiosaur known from the Jurassic of Asia (Sato et al. 2003). The holotype specimen of the type species, B. youngi, is a partial postcranial skeleton of a juvenile individual from the Dongyuemiao Member of the Ziliujing Formation (Lower or Mid Jurassic) of Bishan County, Chongqing, China. It…
Thaumatodracon
Thaumatodracon is a relatively large rhomaleosaurid from the Lower Jurassic (Sinemurian) of Lyme Bay – the coast between Lyme Regis and Charmouth – UK. The holotype specimen (NLMH 106.058) is an almost complete skull and cervical (neck) series. It has a 60 cm long skull, and based on comparison with other rhomaleosaurids I…
Avalonnectes
Avalonnectes is a small-bodied basal rhomaleosaurid. Avalonnectes was named by Benson, Evans and Druckenmiller (2012) for a partial skeleton including the rear part of the skull from the lowermost Jurassic of Street, Somerset, UK. The specimen (NHMUK PV OR 14550) was previously referred to Thalassiodracon hawkinsii and is one of many historical…
Rhomaleosauridae
Cast of the holotype of Rhomaleosaurus cramptoni. Taken in the Natural History Museum, London (photograph by Hector E. Rivera). All rhomaleosaurids have a relatively large head with a moderately long neck composed of about 28 vertebrae. The group has a stratigraphic range from the Lower Jurassic to the Middle Jurassic. The Rhomaleosauridae…
Maresaurus
M. coccai (Gasparini 1997) type material: MOZ 4386 V articulated skull and mandible, atlas-axis and first cervical vertebrae. From the upper part of the Los Molles Formation, Cuyo Group, Emileia giebeli and Emileia multiformis subzone. Skull of Maresaurus in lateral, dorsal and ventral view. From Gasparini (1997).
Rhomaleosaurus
Rhomaleosaurus is the largest known Lower Jurassic pliosaur and was the top predator in early Jurassic marine ecosystems. It has a reinforced skull to help resist torsion and a ferocious set of teeth, a combination of characters perfect for snatching and killing cephalopods, fish, and other marine reptiles. Historically, the genus Rhomaleosaurus…
Meyerasaurus
M. victor was originally described and figured by Fraas (1910). Historically, M. victor has been regarded as a species of Rhomaleosaurus and is often associated in the literature under the defunct name 'Thaumatosaurus'. See my article about this history of 'Thaumatosaurus' here. Smith and Vincent (2010) identified M. victor as generically distinct from…
Macroplata
Macroplata is a rhomaleosaurid plesiosaur from the Lower Jurassic of Warwickshire, UK. Macroplata was named and briefly described by Swinton (1930a) based on a single skeleton from Harbury, Warwickshire, and the skeleton was redescribed in detail by Ketchum and Smith (2010). Photograph of Macroplata tenuiceps in situ in Harbury, Warwickshire. White (1940)…
Atychodracon
The genus Atychodracon was erected by Smith (2015) to accommodate 'Rhomaleosaurus' megacephalus, because it is generically separarate from Rhomaleosaurus sensu stricto (Smith and Dyke 2008). A. megacephalus is closely related to Eurycleidus and some authors have regarded A. megacephalus as a distinct species of Eurycleidus. Three dimensional scan with texture (colour) removed…
Archaeonectrus
The genus Archaeonectrus was proposed by Novozhilov (1964) for 'Plesiosaurus' rostratus, a species named by Owen (1865). By modern standards, Owen's (1865) original description is rather inadequate. One notable characteristic of Archaeonectrus rostratus is the relatively small size of the limbs relative to its body. It has been classified as a pliosauroid,…
Dublin plesiosaur on the move
South Dublin City, 6.30am, Thursday 10th of August 2006. I clamber into the passenger seat of a 4x4 - destination London. My travelling companions are Colin in the driver's seat, and two suspiciously large wooden crates. A monster lurks inside: the skull of the Dublin plesiosaur. The plan is to transport the…
The Collard Plesiosaur
Press reports of the finding of a plesiosaur on the Somerset coast hit the news last year. Dennis Parsons of Somerset County Museum has given presentation on this remarkable specimen at the SPPC, and during our 'Plesiosaur Day' in November 2004. Arthur Cruickshank, Mark Evans and I (Richard Forrest) have visited the…